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Antonia Anna "Toni" Wolff (18 September 1888 — 21 March 1953) was a Swiss Jungian analyst and a close associate of Carl Jung. During her analytic career Toni Wolff published relatively little under her own name, but she helped Jung identify, define, and name some of his best-known concepts including anima, animus, and persona.〔Bair, Deirdre (2003). Jung. New York: Little, Brown, pg. 293; ISBN 0-316-07665-1〕 Her best-known paper was an essay on four "types" or aspects of the feminine psyche: the Amazon, the Mother, the Hetaira (or Courtesan), and the Medial (or mediumistic) Woman.〔Wolff, Toni (1956). (''Structural Forms of the Feminine Psyche'' ). ASIN: B0007KA7RO〕 ==Biography== Wolff was born in 1888, the eldest of three daughters of a wealthy Zurich family. Encouraged by her parents to pursue creative interests, Wolff developed a passion for philosophy and mythology, as well as for astrology.〔John Kerr, ''A Dangerous Method'' (2012) p. 338-9〕However, when she asked to be allowed a university education, her father denied her request, explaining that it was not appropriate for a young woman of her class to have an "official" education.〔Bair, Deirdre (2003). Jung. New York: Little, Brown, pg. 198〕 Wolff pursued her studies by enrolling in classes as a non-matriculating student. In December 1909, when she was 21, Wolff's father died and she became acutely depressed. She began analysis with Jung, who was impressed by her intellect and treated her depression by stimulating and encouraging her to use it. Wolff became one of “a long line of women who gravitated to Jung because he allowed them to use their intellectual interests and abilities in the service of analytical psychology”.〔Bair, Dierdre (2003). Jung. New York: Little, Brown, pg. 199〕 She began to help him with research, and accompanied Carl and Emma Jung to a psychoanalytic conference in Weimar in 1911, Jung describing her as at that point as “a remarkable intellect with excellent feeling for religion and philosophy”.〔John Kerr, ''A Dangerous Method'' (2012) p. 344〕 A not unwarranted sense of jealousy on Emma Jung's part meant that her research work with Jung had to be broken off, however, at the end of the year.〔John Kerr, ''A Dangerous Method'' (2012) p. 372-3〕 Wolff's relationship with Jung was pivotal in her development as an analyst and member of the early analytic psychology circle in Zurich. She became an analyst and honorary President of the Zurich Psychological Club. By age 60, she had a busy practice, but was in poor health, suffering from both severe arthritis and her years of heavy smoking. She died suddenly and unexpectedly on 21 March 1953, aged 64. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Toni Wolff」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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